@Article{ValerioKaWaSaCuRi:2021:COPaPr,
               author = "Valerio, Aline de Matos and Kampel, Milton and Ward, Nicholas D. 
                         and Sawakuchi, Henrique O. and Cunha, Alan C. and Richey, Jeffrey 
                         E.",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Pacific Northwest 
                         National Laboratory} and {Link{\"o}ping University} and 
                         {Universidade Federal do Amap{\'a} (UFAP)} and {University of 
                         Washington}",
                title = "CO2 partial pressure and fluxes in the Amazon River plume using in 
                         situ and remote sensing data",
              journal = "Continental Shelf Research",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "215",
                pages = "e104348",
                month = "Fev.",
             keywords = "Amazon river plume, pCO2, Carbon dioxide, Sea surface temperature, 
                         Sea surface salinity, SMOS.",
             abstract = "Estimations of the global carbon budget include a quantitative 
                         understanding of the evolving processes that occur along 
                         river-to-ocean gradients. However, high spatiotemporal resolution 
                         observations of these processes are limited. Here we present in 
                         situ measurements of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) made 
                         through the Amazon River plume (ARP) during different discharge 
                         seasons, from 2010 to 2012. We evaluated the spatiotemporal 
                         distribution of pCO2 using Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) 
                         satellite observations for each hydrologic period in the ARP. 
                         Regression models were used to estimate pCO2 at the ARP for the 
                         period of 20102014. From these distributions we calculated sea-air 
                         gas exchange of CO2 between the plume waters and the atmosphere 
                         (Fsea co2). Intra-annual variability of Fsea co2 was related to 
                         discharge at the river mouth and ocean currents as well as trade 
                         winds in the plume. Climatic events during the study period had a 
                         significant impact on the Fsea co2. Including the plume area 
                         closer to the river mouth makes the ARP a net source of CO2 with 
                         an annual net sea-air flux of 8.6 ± 7.1 Tg C y\− 1 from 
                         2011 to 2014.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.csr.2021.104348",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2021.104348",
                 issn = "0278-4343",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "valerio-co2.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "09 maio 2024"
}